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Present Perfect |
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Present
Simple TO HAVE
+ Participio Passato del
verbo* |
*Il Participio Passato dei
verbi si forma come il Passato Semplice
(infinito
senza TO + ed)
Frase
affermativa
SOGGETTO + Present Perfect + COMPLEMENTI
|
Present Perfect
to work |
Esempio
 |
|
I have worked
I've worked |
I've worked hard
this week
-> Ho lavorato molto questa settimana |
|
you
have
worked
you've
worked |
You've worked all night long
-> Hai lavorato tutta la notte |
|
he
has worked
he's
worked |
Bob's worked in London ->
Bob ha lavorato a Londra |
|
she
has worked
she's
worked |
She's worked as a teacher
-> Ha lavorato come
insegnante |
|
it
has worked
it's
worked |
It's worked very well -> Ha funzionato molto
bene |
|
we
have worked
we've
worked |
We've worked at home-> Abbiamo lavorato a casa |
|
you
have worked
you've
worked |
You've worked together
-> Avete
lavorato insieme |
|
they
have worked
they've
worked |
They've worked here today ->
Hanno lavorato qui oggi |
Frase
negativa
SOGGETTO + haven't/hasn't + Participio Passato del verbo +
COMPLEMENTI
|
Present Perfect
to work |
Esempio
 |
|
I haven't worked |
I haven't worked hard this week
-> Non ho lavorato molto questa settimana |
|
you
haven't worked |
You
haven't worked all night long
-> Non hai lavorato tutta la notte |
|
he
hasn't worked |
Bob hasn't worked in London ->
Bob non ha lavorato a Londra |
|
she
hasn't worked |
She hasn't worked as a teacher -> Non ha lavorato
come insegnante |
|
it
hasn't worked |
It hasn't worked very well -> Non ha funzionato molto
bene |
|
we
haven't worked |
We haven't worked at home -> Non abbiamo lavorato a casa |
|
you
haven't worked |
You haven't worked together -> Non avete lavorato
insieme |
|
they
haven't worked |
They haven't worked here today ->
Non hanno lavorato qui oggi |
Frase
interrogativa
Have/Has
+ SOGGETTO + Participio Passato del verbo + COMPLEMENTI
|
Present Perfect
to work |
Esempio
 |
|
Have I worked |
Have I worked hard
this week?
-> Ho lavorato molto questa settimana? |
|
Have
you
worked |
Have
you
worked all night long?
-> Hai lavorato tutta la notte? |
|
Has
he
worked |
Has Bob
ever worked in London? -> Bob ha
mai lavorato a Londra? |
|
Has
she
worked |
Has
she
worked as a teacher? -> Ha lavorato come
insegnante? |
|
Has
it
worked |
Has
it
worked well?
-> Ha funzionato bene? |
|
Have
we
worked |
Have
we
worked for
nothing? -> Abbiamo lavorato per
niente? |
|
Have
you
worked |
Have
you
worked together?
-> Avete lavorato insieme? |
|
Have
they
worked |
Have
they
worked here today? -> Hanno lavorato qui
oggi? |
Frase
interrogativa-negativa
Haven't/Hasn't
+ SOGGETTO + Participio Passato del verbo + COMPLEMENTI
|
Present Perfect
to work |
Esempio
 |
|
Haven't I worked |
Haven't I worked hard
this week?
-> Non ho lavorato molto questa settimana? |
|
Haven't
you
worked |
Haven't
you
worked all night long?
-> Non hai lavorato tutta la notte? |
|
Hasn't
he
worked |
Hasn't Bob
worked in London this summer? -> Bob
non ha lavorato a Londra questa estate? |
|
Hasn't
she
worked |
Hasn't
she
worked as a teacher? ->
Non ha lavorato come insegnante? |
|
Hasn't
it
worked |
Hasn't
it
worked well?
-> Non ha funzionato bene? |
|
Haven't
we
worked |
Haven't
we
worked for you? ->
Non abbiamo lavorato per te? |
|
Haven't
you
worked |
Haven't
you
worked together?
-> Non avete lavorato insieme? |
|
Haven't
they
worked |
Haven't
they
worked here today? ->
Non hanno lavorato qui oggi? |
Participio
Passato dei Verbi irregolari
Consultare i
paradigmi dei verbi irregolari all'interno della grammatica
Risposte brevi
Have
you
worked all night long?
Yes, I have/No, I haven't -> Hai lavorato tutta la notte?
Sì/No
Has Bob
ever worked in London? Yes, he has/No, he hasn't -> Bob ha
mai lavorato a Londra? Sì/No
Uso del Present Perfect

-
Anche con i
verbi intransitivi
Es:
She has arrived -> E' arrivata
-
Azioni passate
avvenute in un periodo di tempo non completamente trascorso definito con
espressioni di tempo come today, this morning/week/month/year/,
this summer, so far/up to now (finora)
Es:
She has arrived this morning -> E' arrivata
stamattina (è ancora mattina)
-
Azioni passate
avvenute in un periodo di tempo non specificato e il cui risultato arriva
al presente
Es:
Have you brought the umbrella? No, I haven't ->
Hai portato l'ombrello? No
-
Con for (da) e
since (da/da quando); for introduce la durata
dell'azione e risponde alla domanda "da quanto tempo";
since indica il momento d'inizio dedll'azione e risponde alla
domanda "da quando"
Es:
I have lived here for 5 years-> Vivo qui da 5
anni.
I have lived here since 2000 -> Vivo qui dal
2000.
-
Con altre espressioni di tempo come:
just
(appena), always (sempre), often
(spesso), never
(mai - nelle negative), ever (mai - nelle
interrogative), already (già), yet (già -
nelle interrogative/ ancora - nelle negative), recently
(recentemente), lately (ultimamente), many/several/two/three
times (molte/tante/2/3 volte), before (prima)
Es:
Has Bob
ever worked in London? -> Bob ha
mai lavorato a Londra?
I've just closed the door -> Ho appena
chiuso la porta
She's always played football -> Ha sempre giocato a calcio
Have you seen Mark recently? -> Hai visto Mark recentemente?
I've already had breakfast -> Ho già fatto colazione
I haven't had breakfast yet -> Non ho ancora fatto colazione
Esercizi
interattivi
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