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Grammatica Inglese di Base
del prof. Raffaele Nardella

Verbo Avere [TO HAVE (GOT)]

Indice della Grammatica

Forme Affermativa, Negativa e Interrogativa del Presente


Il verbo avere in inglese si traduce con TO HAVE che, quando usato con il significato di "possedere", può essere seguito dal rafforzativo GOT. In quest'ultimo caso, nelle forme interrogativa, negativa e interrogativa-negativa del Presente Semplice, GOT è sempre richiesto. Attenzione: quando TO HAVE (GOT) è seguito dalla preposizione TO, assume il significato di "dovere". Esempio: I have (got) to go = Devo andare.
AFFERMATIVA: Soggetto + HAVE/HAS (GOT)
Esempio: Mark has (got) a bike (Mark ha una bici)
NEGATIVA: Soggetto + HAVE/HAS + NOT + GOT
Esempio: Mark has not got a bike (Mark non ha una bici)
INTERROGATIVA: HAVE/HAS + Soggetto + GOT
Esempio: Has Mark got a bike? (Mark ha una bici?)
INTERROGATIVA-NEGATIVA: HAVEN'T/HASN'T + Soggetto + GOT
Esempio: Hasn't Mark got a bike? (Mark non ha una bici?)

 

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Forma affermativa


Soggetto TO HAVE Contratta
I have (got) I've (got)
you have (got) you've (got)
he has  (got) he's (got)
she has (got) she's (got)
it has (got) it's (got)
we have (got) we've (got)
you have (got) you've (got)
they have (got) they've (got)

Forma negativa


Sog HAVE
NOT		 GOT Contratta
I have not got I haven't got
you have not got you haven't got
he has not got he hasn't got
she has not got she hasn't got
it has not got it hasn't got
we have not got we haven't got
you have not got you haven't got
they have not got they haven't got

Forma interrogativa


TO HAVE Soggetto GOT
have I got
have you got
has he got
has she got
has it got
have we got
have you got
have they got

Forma interrogativa-negativa


TO HAVE + NOT
(forma contratta)		 Sogg GOT
haven't I got
haven't you got
hasn't he got
hasn't she got
hasn't it got
haven't we got
haven't you got
haven't they got

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Forme Affermativa, Negativa e Interrogativa del Passato


Nel Passato è possibile aggiungere il GOT solo nella forma affermativa, mentre nelle altre forme è necessario usare l'ausiliare DID
AFFERMATIVA: Soggetto + HAD (GOT)
Esempio: Mark had (got) a bike (Mark aveva una bici)
NEGATIVA: Soggetto + DIDN'T + HAVE
Esempio: Mark didn't have a bike (Mark non aveva una bici)
INTERROGATIVA: DID + Soggetto + HAVE
Esempio: Did Mark have a bike? (Mark aveva una bici?)
INTERROGATIVA-NEGATIVA: DIDN'T + Soggetto + HAVE
Esempio: Didn't Mark have a bike? (Mark non aveva una bici?)

 

Forma affermativa


Soggetto HAD GOT
I had got
you had got
he had got
she had got
it had got
we had got
you had got
they had got

Forma negativa


Soggetto DIDN'T HAVE
I didn't have
you didn't have
he didn't have
she didn't have
it didn't have
we didn't have
you didn't have
they didn't have

Forma interrogativa


DID Soggetto HAVE
did I have
did you have
did he have
did she have
did it have
did we have
did you have
did they have

Forma interrogativa-negativa


DIDN'T Soggetto HAVE
didn't I have
didn't you have
didn't he have
didn't she have
didn't it have
didn't we have
didn't you have
didn't they have

Risposte Brevi + Participio Passato


Nelle risposte brevi (Short Answers) dopo YES o NO si usa sempre il pronome personale e poi, in base alla persona soggetto, HAVE o HAS e non si usa mai il GOT; nelle negazioni si usa la forma contratta.
Al passato, dopo il soggetto si usa l'ausiliare DID/DIDN'T
Esempi:

 

- Have you got a pen (Hai una penna?)   - Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. (Sì / No)

- Has Jane got a brother? (Jane ha un fratello?)   - Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't. (Sì / No)

- Did you have a flat near the station? (Avevate un appartamento vicino alla stazione?)   - Yes, we did. / No, we didn't. (Sì / No)

 

Il Participio Passato (Past Participle) del verbo avere è had (“avuto”).

Esempio:

 

Have you had a nice day? (Hai avuto una bella giornata?).

Espressioni Idiomatiche


Il verbo To Have  viene usato anche con significati diversi da possedere. Tali espressioni idiomatiche non usano il rafforzativo GOT, non hanno la forma contratta e vogliono gli ausiliari DO/DOES al presente e DID al passato per le forme negativa, interrogativa e interrogativa-negativa:
to have breakfast / lunch / a snack /dinner = fare colazione, pranzare, fare merenda, cenare
to have a shower = fare la doccia
to have a swim = fare una nuotata, un bagno
to have a coffee / drink = prendere un caffè / una bibita
to have fun / a good time = divertirsi
to have a look at = dare un'occhiata (a)
to have a nice day = trascorrere una buona giornata
to have a party = dare una festa
to have a rest = riposare
to have a walk = fare una passeggiata
Esempi:
Fa colazione a casa? = Does she have breakfast at home?
Faccio una passeggiata con gli amici ogni domenica mattina = I have a walk with my friends every Sunday morning.
Non prendi un caffè con noi? = Don't you have a coffee with us?


Laboratorio Interattivo

4 ESERCIZI

 

CRUCIVERBA

 

ASCOLTO